The recommended and supported way to do this is to add new constraints with the same definition and ON DELETE CASCADE, then drop the original constraints.
If you are ready to risk breaking your database with a catalog modification, and you trust a random SQL statement from the internet, you could try
WITH tables(oid) AS (
UPDATE pg_constraint
SET confdeltype = 'c'
WHERE contype = 'f'
AND confdeltype <> 'c'
AND connamespace = 'myschema'::regnamespace
RETURNING confrelid
)
UPDATE pg_trigger
SET tgfoid = '"RI_FKey_cascade_del"()'::regprocedure
FROM tables
WHERE tables.oid = pg_trigger.tgrelid
AND tgtype = 9;
Test well before using!