What the error message says is that your python interpreter cannot find the helper module.
This module is defined in the pytumblr module, so I suspect you are in the pytumblr folder you cloned, which is why you can do
import pytumblr
But the path to the module is not in your PYTHONPATH variable, so python cannot find the helper module, which is deeper in the directory. (Try to go in the pytumblr/pytumblr directory, then launch python and import helpers will work).
What you need to do is add the top level repository where you put pytumblr to you PYTHONPATH (either doing export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:pytumblr_repo or How to add to the pythonpath in windows 7? if you are on windows).
You can also move pytumblr sources to a directory already in your PYTHONPATH.